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ammonia in meteorites may solve riddle of the origin of life.

A substance essential chemical for life on Earth may have come and made from space. Unexpectedly, in a chondritic meteorite been found to contain large amounts of ammonia, a nitrogen-rich chemical needed to form the building blocks of life, including proteins, DNA and RNA. Explain how the Earth
earned enough ammonia to early life began has been an enigma, because sunlight destroys ammonia gas quickly in the atmosphere. In addition, geological samples suggests that the atmosphere was chemically neutral, instead of reducing conditions that would have favored the formation of ammonia.
Now, Sandra Pizzarello of Arizona State University in Tempe and his colleagues believe they have solved the puzzle.
The team took the dust of a chondritic meteorite and exposed to hot water at 300 ° C, before compressing under pressure of 100 megapascals. The process was designed to mimic conditions of early Earth, leading to the formation of clay, "he says.
To the surprise of researchers, processing large amounts of ammonia released linked to waste, so much so that measured 60 percent of nitrogen in the dust.


image of chondritic meteorite NWA 869, a new study indicates that this class of meteorite as possible sources of primary ammonia was used to form the building blocks of life on Earth primitiva.Crédito.H. Raab.

By analyzing the isotopes of nitrogen in ammonia, confirmed that came from outer space and not land-based pollution.
"Any theory that tries to explain the biogenesis must account for a reduced nitrogen source such as ammonia," said Pizzarello. "The direct delivery of relatively large amounts of ammonia, prebiotics is attractive" as an explanation, he adds.
"To view the available ammonia, double the concentration levels of amino acids necessary that such primitive meteorites are significant exogenous sources of reactive nitrogen," says Terence Kee, who is studying prebiotic chemistry at the University of Leeds in the UK .
Kee said that buried in the meteorite dust, ammonia potentially be protected from destruction by sunlight, and therefore can participate in reactions to create the building blocks of life. Pizzarello
speculated that the meteor must have originated on asteroids or other environments where the ammonia was a key chemical.




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http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn20183-meteorite-cargo-could-solve -originoflife-riddle.html